SELF-CARE AKTIFITAS FISIK DAN PENGGUNAAN FASILITAS KESEHATAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGENDALIAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH OLEH PENYANDANG DIABETES MELITUS

Abstract

Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah salah satu penyakit yang tidak disadari oleh penyandangnya, dan jumlahnya mengalami peningkatan akibat perubahan gaya hidup, termasuk kurangnya aktifitas fisik dan pola makan yang tidak tepat. Komplikasi lanjut DM dipengaruhi oleh status hiperglikemi. Aktifitas self-care diperlukan untuk pengelolaan DM, antara lain aktifitas fisik dan penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis perbedaan self-care aktifitas fisik dan penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan antara kelompok glukosa tidak terkendali (HbA1c >7%) dan glukosa terkendali (HbA1c ≤ 7%). Desain penelitian case control, sampelnya penyandang DM dewasa dan lansia sebanyak 104 responden, terdiri: 52 kelompok tidak terkendali dan 52 kelompok terkendali, dengan teknik convinience.Alat penelitian menggunakan Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ)subscale physical activity dan health care use. Rerata kadar HbA1c pada kelompok tidak terkendali adalah 10,6% ± 2,3%,aktifitas fisik nilai median 9, penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan nilai median9, sedangkan pada kelompokterkendalirerata HbA1c 6,4% ± 0,6%, aktifitas fisik nilai median 10, penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan nilai median 10. Terdapat perbedaanaktifitas fisik (p=0,028), dan penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan (p=0,001) antara kedua kelompok. Aktifitas fisik dan penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan yang baik berpotensi mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah, maka penyandang DM perlu meningkatkan self-care tersebut untuk menghasilkan kadar glukosa darah yang terkendali (HbA1c ≤ 7).

Kata Kunci: Self-care, aktifitas fisik, penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan, pengendalian glukosa darah, diabetes melitus

SELF-CARE PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES AND USE OF HEALTH FACILITIES AS AN EFFORT TO CONTROL BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL BY DIABETES MELITUS

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that is not recognized by the person, and the number has increased due to lifestyle changes, including lack of physical activity and improper eating patterns. Advanced complications of DM are affected by hyperglycemic status. Self-care activities are needed for the management of DM, including physical activity and use of health facilities. The aim of the study was to analyze differences in self-care physical activity and use of health facilities between uncontrolled glucose groups (HbA1c> 7%) and controlled glucose (HbA1c ≤ 7%). The study design was casecontrol, samples of adult and elderly DM people were 104 respondents, consisting of 52 uncontrolled groups and 52 controlled groups, with convinience techniques. The research tool uses the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) subscale physical activity and health care use. The mean HbA1c level in the uncontrolled group was 10.6% ± 2.3%, the median activity was median 9, the use of health facilities was a median value of 9, while in the controlled group the mean HbA1c was 6.4% ± 0.6%, activity physical median value of 10, use of health facilities median value 10. There were differences in physical activity (p = 0.028), and use of health facilities (p = 0.001) between the two groups. The proper of physical activity andhealth facilities have the potential to control blood glucose levels, so people with DM need to improve self-care to produce controlled blood glucose levels (HbA1c ≤ 7).

 Keywords: self-care, physical activity,health care use, glycemic control, diabetes mellitus