Gambaran Kadar Karbon Monoksida pada Pernafasan Remaja Laki-laki
Keywords:
karbon monoksida, merokok, remaja
Abstract
Angka perilaku merokok menunjukkan prevalensi perilaku berisiko yang tinggi. Rokok berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan karena asap tembakau terdapat kandungan kimia dan sekitar 40 zat karsinogen. Salah satu zat yang toksik pada gas tembakau adalah Karbon monoksida (CO), Efek akut dapat menyebabkan penyakit paru-paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk diketahuinya kadar CO pada pernafasan remaja laki-laki di sekolah menengah atas. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tiga sekolah menengah atas di puskesmas area Kota Lubuklinggau pada september 2019. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Simple Random Sampling sebanyak 82 orang. Pengumpulan data pemeriksaan kadar CO2 pernapasan ekspirasi pada siswa sekolah menengah atas menggunakan alat Smokerlyzer Co Detector dengan satuan pengukuran part per million (ppm) dalam rentang 01 -30 ppm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan jika distribusi kadar CO pada pernafasan remaja laki-laki di SMA dengan rata-rata kadar CO sebesar 3,86 (zona hijau 01-06ppm) dengan nilai terendah 1 dan tertinggi 8. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap remaja yang merokok akan terdapat nilai kadar CO dalam pernapasannya.
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Amiri, P., Masihay-Akbar, H., Jalali-Farahani, S., Karimi, M., Momenan, A. A., & Azizi, F. (2020). The First Cigarette Smoking Experience and Future Smoking Behaviors Among Adolescents with Different Parental Risk: a Longitudinal Analysis in an Urban Iranian Population. Int J Behav Med, 27(6), 698-706. doi:10.1007/s12529-020-09910-8
Banzer, R., Haring, C., Buchheim, A., Oehler, S., Carli, V., Wasserman, C., . . . Wasserman, D. (2017). Factors associated with different smoking status in European adolescents: results of the SEYLE study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 26(11), 1319-1329. doi:10.1007/s00787-017-0980-4
Bhalerao, A., Sivandzade, F., Archie, S. R., & Cucullo, L. (2019). Public Health Policies on E-Cigarettes. Curr Cardiol Rep, 21(10), 111. doi:10.1007/s11886-019-1204-y
Bhatt, J. M., Ramphul, M., & Bush, A. (2020). An update on controversies in e-cigarettes. Paediatr Respir Rev, 36, 75-86. doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2020.09.003
Bobo, F. T., Thanasekaran, P., Joice, A. J. R., Yadecha, B., & Alebel, A. (2018). Susceptibility to cigarette smoking and associated factors among high school students in western Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes, 11(1), 626. doi:10.1186/s13104-018-3734-6
Coffey, M., Cooper-Ryan, A. M., Houston, L., Thompson, K., & Cook, P. A. (2020). Using e-cigarettes for smoking cessation: evaluation of a pilot project in the North West of England. Perspectives in Public Health, 140(6), 351-361. doi:10.1177/1757913920912436
Denlinger-Apte, R. L., Cassidy, R. N., Colby, S. M., Sokolovsky, A. W., & Tidey, J. W. (2019). Effects of Cigarette Nicotine Content and Menthol Preference on Perceived Health Risks, Subjective Ratings, and Carbon Monoxide Exposure Among Adolescent Smokers. Nicotine Tob Res, 21(Suppl 1), S56-s62. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz127
Jungnickel, K., Lohmann, M., & Böl, G. F. (2019). [Carbon monoxide-an underestimated risk? Awareness, perception, knowledge, and prevention activities]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz, 62(11), 1324-1331. doi:10.1007/s00103-019-03019-4
Kemenkes RI. (2019). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2018). Pedoman Pengendalian Risiko Kanker Paru. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Kim, D. J., & Kim, S. J. (2018). Impact of nearby smoking on adolescent smoking behavior in Korea. Medicine, 97(45), e13125. doi:10.1097/md.0000000000013125
Kumar, R., Prakash, S., Kushwah, A. S., & Vijayan, V. K. (2010). Breath carbon monoxide concentration in cigarette and bidi smokers in India. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci, 52(1), 19-24.
McGrath-Morrow, S. A., Gorzkowski, J., Groner, J. A., Rule, A. M., Wilson, K., Tanski, S. E., . . . Klein, J. D. (2020). The Effects of Nicotine on Development. Pediatrics, 145(3). doi:10.1542/peds.2019-1346
Ozgunay, S. E., Karasu, D., Dulger, S., Yilmaz, C., & Tabur, Z. (2018). Relationship between cigarette smoking and the carbon monoxide concentration in the exhaled breath with perioperative respiratory complications. Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (English Edition), 68(5), 462-471. doi:10.1016/j.bjane.2018.02.003
Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia. (2011). Berhenti Merokok. Pedoman Penatalaksanaan untuk Dokter di Indonesia. Jakarta: Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia.
Roohafza, H., Omidi, R., Alinia, T., Heidari, K., Mohammad-Shafiee, G., Jaberifar, M., . . . Maziak, W. (2018). Factors associated with smoking contemplation and maintenance among Iranian adolescents. East Mediterr Health J, 24(8), 714-721. doi:10.26719/2018.24.8.714
Sitorus, R. J., Purba, I. G., Natalia, M., & Tantrakarnapa, K. (2021). The Effect of Smoking on Carbon Monoxide Respiration among Active Smokers in Palembang City, Indonesia. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal), 16(2), 108-112. doi:10.21109/kesmas.v16i2.3297
Tran, P., Tran, L., & Tran, L. (2020). Smoking levels and associations between sociodemographic factors and smoking continuation in U.S. stroke survivors. Ann Epidemiol, 43, 66-70. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.01.007
Vasthare, R., Kumar, S., & Arron, L. (2018). Carbon monoxide breath analyzers and its role in tobacco cessation: A narrative review of literature. Journal of International Oral Health, 10(2), 71-76. doi:10.4103/jioh.jioh_273_17
Vinnikov, D., Tulekov, Z., Romanova, Z., Krugovykh, I., & Blanc, P. D. (2020). Smoking practices in relation to exhaled carbon monoxide in an occupational cohort. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1894. doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09997-4
Wheaton, A. G., Liu, Y., Croft, J. B., VanFrank, B., Croxton, T. L., Punturieri, A., . . . Greenlund, K. J. (2019). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Smoking Status - United States, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 68(24), 533-538. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6824a1
WHO. (2018). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco smoking 2000-2025. geneva: WHO.
Published
2021-12-01
How to Cite
Feri, J., & Diastuti, A. (2021). Gambaran Kadar Karbon Monoksida pada Pernafasan Remaja Laki-laki. Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(4), 883-888. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32583/keperawatan.v13i4.1582
Section
Articles
